DNA profiling at birth hailed as justice tool
The advent of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) profiling during the antenatal period is being hailed as a truly significant stride forward in unravelling criminal cases, settling paternity disputes, and addressing matters of infidelity.
DNA, the very molecule that carries the fundamental genetic instructions for the growth and operation of all living things, is now positioned at the cutting edge of both justice and medical advancement.
The ability to profile this genetic information early, even prior to birth, furnishes healthcare professionals and law enforcement agencies with an exceptionally potent instrument.
In an interview, Mr Tatenda Masara, a specialist in sample collection and results presentation at Expedite DNA, underscored the importance of DNA profiling in solving criminal cases.
“DNA profiling is a state-of-the-art procedure that identifies individuals based on their unique genetic makeup. Profiling at birth enhances the effectiveness of the criminal justice process and provides resolution in matters of infidelity,” he said.
Mr Masara further clarified that historical biological evidence can be matched against newly created DNA profiles, offering fresh leads in previously unresolved cases.
Beyond its legal implications, Mr Masara emphasised DNA profiling’s vital role in family and relationship dynamics, particularly in establishing paternity.
“In cases of infidelity, DNA profiling offers conclusive proof of paternity, which is crucial in resolving disputes over child support or custody. Men can take responsibility for their children without doubts hanging over them, while mothers have a means to identify the biological fathers of their children.
“In a court of law, DNA evidence serves as objective and concrete proof, leading to the exoneration of the wrongfully convicted and the prosecution of true offenders,” he said.
The medical advantages of antenatal DNA profiling were also highlighted by Mr Masara, who said the technology could significantly improve maternal and foetal health outcomes.
“During pregnancy, DNA profiling enables the early detection of genetic disorders such as Down’s syndrome and cystic fibrosis. Early identification allows timely treatment and informed decision-making for parents,” he said.
Mr Masara stated that DNA profiling could also assess the risk of hereditary conditions like heart disease and certain types of cancer, thereby enabling early intervention.
He added that paternity could be determined even before birth by comparing a DNA sample from the potential father with that of the unborn child to establish a biological relationship. However, Mr Masara acknowledged that cultural resistance might hinder the acceptance of DNA profiling, particularly in traditional African communities.
“The acceptability of DNA profiling in African cultures can vary greatly, depending on cultural beliefs and religious values. In many African traditions, ancestry, lineage, and the significance of blood ties are rooted in long-standing customs.
“DNA profiling may challenge established notions of family and kinship, and in some instances, it may be seen as intrusive. For example, in certain cultures, when a married woman bears a child from an extramarital affair, the child is still given the husband’s surname and regarded as part of his family despite the absence of a biological relationship,” he said.
Mr Masara also pointed out that in some traditional societies, a woman may be encouraged to conceive with her husband’s brother if the husband is infertile, further complicating the potential acceptance of DNA technology.
“Given these cultural nuances, introducing DNA profiling may encounter challenges in terms of acceptance within African communities.” The Chronicle
